Issue Brief
  1. James Stephan and Georgette Walsh, Census of Jail Facilities, 2006 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, December 2011), http://bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cjf06.pdf and National Association of Counties, County Intelligence Connections (CIC) database, 2012. Some states operate unified prison and jail systems; in these states, the state Department of Corrections oversees both the prisons and jails in the state. See Barbara Krauth, A Review of the Jail Function within State Unified Corrections Systems (Longmont, CO: LIS, Inc., US Department of Justice, National Institute of Corrections Information Center, September 1997), http://nicic.gov/library/014024

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  2. E. Ann Carson and Daniela Golinelli, Prisoners in 2012: Trends in Admissions and Releases, 1991-2012 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, December 2013), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/p12tar9112.pdf.

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  3. Todd D. Minton and Daniela Golinelli, Jail Inmates at Midyear 2013 – Statistical Tables (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, May 2014), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/jim13st.pdf.

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  4. Ibid.

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  5. Ibid.

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  6. Ibid.

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  7. Laura M. Maruschak and Thomas P. Bonczar, Probation and Parole in the United States, 2012, (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Revised April 22, 2014) http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ppus12.pdf

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  8. Todd D. Minton and Daniela Golinelli, Jail Inmates at Midyear 2013, op cit.

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  9. E. Ann Carson and Daniela Golinelli, Prisoners in 2012, op cit.

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  10. Ibid and Marla McDaniel et al., Imprisonment and Disenfranchisement of Disconnected Low-Income Men (Washington, DC: Urban Institute and the US Department of Health and Human Services, August 2013) http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412986-Imprisonment-and-Disenfranchisement-of-Disconnected-Low-Income-Men.pdf

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  11. Todd Minton, Jails in Indian Country, 2011 (Washington DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, September 2012), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/jic11.pdf

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  12. Doris James, Profile of jail inmates, 2002 (Washington, DC: Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, July 2004), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/pji02.pdf

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  13. Wang EA, White MC, Jamison R, Goldenson J, Estes M, Tulsky JP. Discharge planning and continuity of health care: findings from the San Francisco County Jail. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(12):2182–4.

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  14. Kamala Mallik-Kane, Returning Home Illinois Policy Brief Health and Prisoner Reentry (Washington, DC: Urban Institute, Justice Policy Center, August 2005), http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/311214_health_prisoner_reentry.pdf

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  15. National Institute of Corrections, “Solicitation for a Cooperative Agreement—Evaluating Early Access to Medicaid as a Reentry Strategy,” Federal Register 76, no. 129 (2011): 39438-39443; Ingrid Binswanger, Nicole Redmiond, and LeRoi Hicks, “Health disparities and the criminal justice system: an agenda for further research and action,” Journal of Urban Health 89, no. 1 (2012): 98–107; and Laura Maruschak, Medical Problems of Prisoners (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, April 2008), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/mpp.pdf.

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  16. Doris James and Lauren Glaze, Mental health problems of prison and jail inmates, (Washington, DC:US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, September 2006), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/mhppji.pdf

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  17. Ibid.

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  18. Ibid.

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  19. Kamala Mallik-Kane and Christy Visher, Health and prisoner reentry: how physical, mental, and substance abuse conditions shape the process of reintegration, (Washington, DC: Urban Institute, Justice Policy Center, February 2008), http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411617_health_prisoner_reentry.pdf

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  20. Caroline Wolf Harlow, Education and Correctional Populations, (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, January 2003), http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ecp.pdf

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  21. Wilper AP, Woolhandler S, Boyd JW, Lasser, KE, McCormick D, Bor DH, et al. The health and health care of US prisoners: results of a nationwide survey. American Journal of Public Health. 2009; 99(4):666-72.

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  22. Ibid.

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  23. State Prison Health Care Spending: An Examination,(Washington DC: Pew Charitable Trusts and John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, July 2014), http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/reports/2014/07/08/state-prison-health-care-spending.

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  24. Ibid.

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  25. Ibid.

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  26. Ibid.

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  27. Martha Heberlein, Tricia Brooks, Samantha Artiga, and Jessica Stephens, Getting into Gear for 2014: Shifting New Medicaid Eligibility and Enrollment Policies into Drive, (Washington, DC: Kaiser Family Foundation, Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, Georgetown Universtiy Center for Children and Families, November 2013), https://www.kff.org/medicaid/report/getting-into-gear-for-2014-shifting-new-medicaid-eligibility-and-enrollment-policies-into-drive/

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  28. Managing Prisoner Health Care Spending, op cit.

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  29. Subparagraph (A) in the matter after section 1905(a)(29) of the Social Security Act.

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  30. State Health Facts, “Status of State Action on the Medicaid Expansion Decision, 2014,” The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, https://www.kff.org/medicaid/state-indicator/state-activity-around-expanding-medicaid-under-the-affordable-care-act/, accessed July 10, 2014.

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  31. Judith Solomon, The Truth about Health Reform’s Medicaid Expansion and People Leaving Jail (Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, June 2014), http://www.cbpp.org/files/6-25-14health.pdf

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  32. Vondie Woodbury and Peter Sartorius, Michigan Pathways Project links ex-prisoners to medical services, contributing to a decline in recidivism (Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, August 2013), http://www.innovations.ahrq.gov/content.aspx?id=2134

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  33. Joseph Morrissey et al, “Medicaid Enrollment and Mental Health Service Use Following Release of Jail Detaineees with Severe Mental Illness,” Psychiatric Services 57, no. 6 (2006): 809-815 and “Joseph Morrissey et al, “The Role of Medicaid Enrollment and Outpatient Service Use in Jail Recidivism Among Persons with Severe Mental Illness,” Psychiatric Services 58, no. 6 (2007): 794–801.

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  34. Personal communication with Cook County Health and Hospital Systems, April 2014.

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  35. “Home,” Connections Correctional Healthcare Services. Accessed June 25, 2014. http://www.connectionscsp.com/connections-correctional-healthcare/

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  36. Managing Prisoner Health Care Spending, op cit.

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  37. Ibid.

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