Views of Governors and Insurance Commissioners on ACA Repeal and Changes to Medicaid: Responses to a Congressional Request for State Input on Health Reform
Appendix Table 1: Characteristics of Respondents to House Members’ Request | |||||
State | Respondent | Political Affiliation of Governor at Time of Response |
Implemented Medicaid Expansion? | Marketplace Structure* | |
Governor | Insurance Commissioner | ||||
Total: 35 | 29 | 14 | Republican: 18 Democrat: 17 |
26 | FFM: 14 SBM: 12 SBM-FP: 5 Partnership: 4 |
Alabama | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
Arizona | Y | Republican | Y | FFM | |
Arkansas | Y | Y | Republican | Y | SBM-FP |
California | Y | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM |
Colorado | Y | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM |
Connecticut | Y | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM |
Delaware | Y | Y | Democrat | Y | Partnership |
District of Columbia** | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM | |
Florida | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
Georgia | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
Idaho | Y | Republican | SBM | ||
Illinois | Y | Republican | Y | Partnership | |
Kentucky | Y | Republican | Y | SBM-FP | |
Louisiana | Y | Y | Democrat*** | Y | FFM |
Maryland | Y | Republican | Y | SBM | |
Massachusetts | Y | Republican | Y | SBM | |
Minnesota | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM | |
Montana | Y | Democrat | Y | FFM | |
Nevada | Y | Republican | Y | SBM-FP | |
New Hampshire | Y | Democrat**** | Y | Partnership | |
New Mexico | Y | Republican | Y | SBM-FP | |
New York | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM | |
North Dakota | Y | Republican | Y | FFM | |
Ohio | Y | Y | Republican | Y | FFM |
Oklahoma | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
Oregon | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM-FP | |
Pennsylvania | Y | Democrat | Y | FFM | |
Rhode Island | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM | |
Tennessee | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
Utah | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
Vermont | Y | Democrat**** | Y | SBM | |
Virginia | Y | Democrat | FFM | ||
Washington | Y | Y | Democrat | Y | SBM |
West Virginia | Y | Democrat | Y | Partnership | |
Wisconsin | Y | Republican | FFM | ||
NOTES: *This column describes whether a state has elected to use the Federally-facilitated Marketplace (FFM), establish a Marketplace in partnership with the federal government (Partnership), establish a State-based Marketplace that uses the federal platform (SBM-FP) or establish and operate its own State-based Marketplace (SBM). *The affiliation for the District of Columbia is for Mayor, not Governor. ***In Louisiana, the Insurance Commissioner is an elected position. The Insurance Commissioner who provided a response for Louisiana is Republican. ****In New Hampshire and Vermont, the Governorship switched after the response was provided, which resulted in a change in the political party of these states’ governors from Democrat to Republican. SOURCE: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of responses provided to request from members of the House of Representatives for state input on health reform. |
Appendix Table 2: Comments from Governors and Insurance Commissioners on ACA and ACA Repeal |
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State | Implemented Medicaid Expansion? | Cited Positive Effects of ACA | Cited Concerns with ACA | Cited Concerns/Cautions About Repeal of ACA |
Total: 35 | 26 | 23 | 21 | 29 |
Democratic Governor: 17 | 16 | 17 | 3 | 17 |
California | Y | Y | Y | |
Colorado | Y | Y | Y | |
Connecticut | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Delaware | Y | Y | Y | |
District of Columbia | Y | Y | Y | |
Louisiana* | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Minnesota | Y | Y | Y | |
Montana | Y | Y | Y | |
New York | Y | Y | Y | |
New Hampshire** | Y | Y | Y | |
Oregon | Y | Y | Y | |
Pennsylvania | Y | Y | Y | |
Rhode Island | Y | Y | Y | |
Virginia | Y | Y | ||
Vermont** | Y | Y | Y | |
Washington | Y | Y | Y | |
West Virginia | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Republican Governor: 18 | 10 | 6 | 18 | 12 |
Alabama | Y | Y | ||
Arizona | Y | Y | Y | |
Arkansas | Y | Y | ||
Florida | Y | |||
Georgia | Y | |||
Idaho | Y | Y | ||
Illinois | Y | Y | Y | |
Kentucky | Y | Y | ||
Maryland | Y | Y | Y | |
Massachusetts | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Nevada | Y | Y | Y | Y |
New Mexico | Y | Y | Y | Y |
North Dakota | Y | Y | Y | |
Ohio | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Oklahoma | Y | Y | ||
Tennessee | Y | |||
Utah | Y | Y | Y | |
Wisconsin | Y | Y | ||
NOTES: *In Louisiana, both the Democratic governor and the independently elected Republican insurance commissioner provided responses. **In New Hampshire and Vermont, the governorship switched after the response was provided, which resulted in a change in the political party of these states’ governors from Democrat to Republican. SOURCE: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of responses provided to request from members of the House of Representatives for state input on health reform. |
Appendix Table 3: Comments from Governors and Insurance Commissioners on Medicaid Financing and Flexibility and Waivers |
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State | Capped Medicaid Financing | State Medicaid Flexibility | Increase Section 1115 Waiver Flexibility/ Streamline Processes | Section 1332 Waivers |
Total: 35 | Concerns: 12 Support: 6 NC: 17 |
Increase: 14 Can already innovate: 2 Do not tie to reduced financing: 4 NC: 18 |
Yes: 10 NC: 25 |
Support: 7 No plans: 8 NC: 20 |
Democratic Governor: 17 | Concerns: 10 Support: 0 NC: 7 |
Increase: 3 Can already innovate: 2 Do not tie to reduced financing: 3 NC: 11 |
Yes: 0 NC: 17 |
Support: 2 No plans: 2 NC: 13 |
California | Concerns | NC | NC | NC |
Colorado | Concerns | Increase | NC | Support |
Connecticut | Concerns | Can already innovate | NC | NC |
Delaware | NC | NC | NC | No plans |
District of Columbia | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Louisiana* | Concerns | Do not tie to reduced financing | NC | No plans |
Minnesota | Concerns | Can already innovate; Do not tie to reduced financing | NC | Support |
Montana | Concerns | Increase; Do not tie to reduced financing | NC | NC |
New York | Concerns | NC | NC | NC |
New Hampshire** | Concerns | NC | NC | NC |
Oregon | Concerns | NC | NC | NC |
Pennsylvania | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Rhode Island | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Virginia | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Vermont** | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Washington | Concerns | NC | NC | NC |
West Virginia | NC | Increase | NC | NC |
Republican Governor: 18 | Concerns: 2 Support: 6 NC: 10 |
Increase: 11 Can already innovate: 0 Do not tie to reduced financing: 1 NC: 7 |
Yes: 10 NC: 8 |
Support: 5 No plans: 6 NC: 7 |
Alabama | NC | Increase | Yes | No plans |
Arizona | Concerns | Increase | Yes | No plans |
Arkansas | Support, w/ caveats | Increase | Yes | No plans |
Florida | Support, w/ caveats | Increase | Yes | NC |
Georgia | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Idaho | NC | NC | NC | No plans |
Illinois | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Kentucky | Support | Increase | Yes | Support |
Maryland | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Massachusetts | Concerns | Increase, Do not tie to reduced financing | Yes | Support |
Nevada | NC | Increase | Yes | Support |
New Mexico | NC | NC | NC | Support |
North Dakota | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Ohio | Support, w/ caveats | Increase | NC | NC |
Oklahoma | NC | NC | Yes | Support |
Tennessee | NC | Increase | Yes | No plans |
Utah | Support, w/ caveats | Increase | Yes | No plans |
Wisconsin | Support | Increase | NC | NC |
NOTES: *In Louisiana, both the Democratic governor and the independently elected Republican insurance commissioner provided responses. **In New Hampshire and Vermont, the governorship switched after the response was provided, which resulted in a change in the political party of these states’ governors from Democrat to Republican. NC indicates no comments provided on that topic or response could not be classified based on the comments provided. “Support w/caveats” indicates cases in which the respondent cited support for capped financing but included qualifications regarding how the cap should be structured. SOURCE: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of responses provided to request from members of the House of Representatives for state input on health reform. |
Appendix Table 4: Comments from Governors and Insurance Commissioners on Changes to Private Insurance |
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State | Increase State Regulatory Authority | Sale of Insurance Across State Lines | Individual Mandate | Maintain Financial Assistance for Consumers | Expand HSAs | High Risk Pools |
Total: 35 | Yes: 19 NC: 16 |
Support: 5 Oppose: 3 NC: 27 |
Oppose Mandate: 3 Alternative Approach: 7 Maintain Mandate: 2 NC: 23 |
Support: 11 In Transition: 4 NC: 20 |
Yes: 4 NC: 31 |
Consider: 12 Concerns: 4 NC: 19 |
Democratic Governor: 17 | Yes: 3 NC: 14 |
Support: 0 Oppose: 1 NC: 16 |
Oppose Mandate: 0 Alternative Approach: 0 Maintain Mandate: 1 NC: 16 |
Support: 2 In Transition: 1 NC: 14 |
Yes: 0 NC: 17 |
Consider: 2 Concerns: 2 NC: 13 |
California | NC | Oppose | Maintain | Support | NC | Concerns |
Colorado | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Connecticut | Yes | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Delaware | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | Concerns |
District of Columbia | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Louisiana* | Yes | NC | NC | In transition | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Minnesota | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Montana | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
New York | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
New Hampshire** | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Oregon | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Pennsylvania | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Rhode Island | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Virginia | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Vermont** | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Washington | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
West Virginia | Yes | NC | NC | Support | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Republican Governor: 18 | Yes: 16 NC: 2 |
Support: 5 Oppose: 2 NC: 11 |
Oppose Mandate: 3 Alternative Approach: 7 Maintain Mandate: 1 NC: 7 |
Support: 9 In Transition: 3 NC: 6 |
Yes: 4 NC: 14 |
Consider: 10 Concerns: 2 NC: 6 |
Alabama | Yes | NC | Alternative | Support | Yes | Consider w/federal funds |
Arizona | Yes | Support | NC | In transition | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Arkansas | Yes | Support | Oppose | Support | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Florida | Yes | Support | Alternative | Support | Yes | NC |
Georgia | Yes | Support | Oppose | NC | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Idaho | Yes | Oppose | Alternative | Support | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Illinois | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Kentucky | Yes | NC | Oppose | Support | NC | Consider |
Maryland | Yes | NC | NC | NC | NC | NC |
Massachusetts | Yes | NC | Maintain | Support | NC | Concerns |
Nevada | Yes | NC | NC | NC | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
New Mexico | Yes | NC | Alternative | Support | NC | Concerns |
North Dakota | Yes | Oppose | NC | In transition | NC | NC |
Ohio | Yes | NC | Alternative | NC | Yes | NC |
Oklahoma | Yes | Support | Alternative | Support | Yes | Consider w/federal funds |
Tennessee | Yes | NC | NC | NC | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Utah | Yes | NC | Alternative | In transition | NC | Consider w/federal funds |
Wisconsin | NC | NC | NC | Support | NC | NC |
NOTES: *In Louisiana, both the Democratic governor and the independently elected Republican insurance commissioner provided responses. **In New Hampshire and Vermont, the governorship switched after the response was provided, which resulted in a change in the political party of these states’ governors from Democrat to Republican. NC indicates no comments provided on that topic or response could not be classified based on the comments provided. SOURCE: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of responses provided to request from members of the House of Representatives for state input on health reform. |
Appendix B: Summary of Responses from Associations
Four associations (American Academy of Actuaries, Democratic Governors Association, National Governors Association, and the Republican Governors Association) responded to Congress’ request for input. Key takeaways from the associations include:
American Academy of Actuaries. The American Academy of Actuaries urges Congress to consider the potential adverse consequences of repealing provisions of the ACA, including the individual mandate and enrollee subsidies, without also enacting a replacement approach at the same time. They express concern that a repeal of major provisions of the ACA would lead to loss of enrollment, affordability challenges, and market instability. They note that offering pre-existing condition protections requires incentives for enrollment; eliminating provisions that encourage enrollment would threaten sustainability; and increasing risks or eliminating cost-sharing reduction reimbursements could cause an increase in insurer withdrawals from the market.
Democratic Governors Association. The Democratic Governors Association opposes a repeal of the Affordable Care Act, including its Medicaid expansion, citing concerns over financial stability and health of states. They note that repealing the ACA would result in loss of coverage, shift of costs to state governments, economic uncertainty, loss of consumer protections provided under the ACA, and increases in uncompensated care. The letter also highlights the role of Medicaid and its expansion on increased coverage and combatting the opioid use epidemic.
National Governors Association. The National Governors Association highlights the need to work in a bipartisan manner to build a more efficient health care system, put patients first, and address the underlying issues of unsustainable health care spending. They urge Congress to consider incorporating Governors’ suggestions throughout the legislative process; consider reforms to private health insurance that provide meaningful state flexibilities; maintain a meaningful federal role in the Medicaid financing partnership that does not shift costs to states; protect states from unforeseen financial risks; maintain predictability in health reform legislation; and support the continuation of innovative state health care programs that rely on federal funding.
Republican Governors Association. The Republican Governors Association seeks to advance alternatives to the ACA. They also highlight concerns about the quality and sustainability of the Medicaid program. The Republican Governors Association seeks to reflect on state flexibilities gained in recent years and factors inhibiting state innovation to respond to the unique needs of Medicaid beneficiaries.