2023 Employer Health Benefits Survey

PPOs are the most common plan type.

• Forty-seven percent of covered workers are enrolled in PPOs, followed by HDHP/SOs (29%), HMOs (13%), POS plans (10%), and conventional plans (1%) [Figure 5.1]. All of these percentages are similar to the enrollment percentages in 2022.
• The percentage of covered workers enrolled in HDHP/SOs is similar to last year (29%) and five years ago (29%), but higher than the percentage 10 years ago (20%). The percentage of covered workers enrolled in PPOs has decreased 10% over the past decade [Figure 5.1].
• The percentage of covered workers enrolled in HMOs (13%) is similar to the percentages last year (12%) and five years ago (16%) [Figure 5.1].
• A larger share of covered workers are enrolled in HDHP/SOs than in HMOs in both small and large firms [Figure 5.2].
• A similar share of covered workers in large firms and small firms are enrolled in HDHP/SO plans (31% and 25%) [Figure 5.2]. Covered workers in small firms are more likely than covered workers in large firms to be enrolled in POS plans (20% vs. 7%) [Figure 5.2]. Covered workers in small firms are less likely than covered workers in large firms to be enrolled in HMO plans (9% vs. 14%)
• Plan enrollment patterns also differ across regions.
  • HMO enrollment is significantly higher in the West (26%), and significantly lower in the Midwest (4%) [Figure 5.3].
  • Covered workers in the Midwest (40%) are more likely to be enrolled in HDHP/SOs than workers in other regions, while covered workers in the West (20%) are less likely to be enrolled in HDHP/SOs [Figure 5.3].