Medicaid’s Role in Trauma Care
| Medicaid’s Role in Trauma- Related Care by State | ||||||
| State | Age-adjusted Injury-related Death Rate (2015) |
Number of Level I or II Trauma Centers (2015) |
Median Percent Medicaid Inpatient Hospital Days – Level I and II Trauma Centers (2015) |
Median Percent Change in Medicaid Injury-Related Hospitalization (Q4 2012 to Q4 2014) |
Home and Community-Based Waiver for SCI or TBI (2013) |
Home and Community-Based Waiver for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (2013) |
| Expanded Medicaid/ Republican Governor | ||||||
| Arizona | 75.3 | 8 | 27.3% | 89.5% | ||
| Arkansas | 78.7 | 10 | 14.5% | 40.0% | Yes | |
| Illinois | 54.0 | 56 | 19.9% | 61.9% | Yes | Yes |
| Indiana | 70.3 | 10 | 19.7% | 11.1% | Yes | Yes |
| Iowa | 59.2 | 14 | 16.1% | 50.0% | Yes | |
| Kentucky | 91.1 | 12 | 23.3% | 100.0% | Yes | Yes |
| Maryland | 63.7 | 12 | 23.8% | -37.5% | Yes | |
| Massachusetts | 55.7 | 10 | 21.8% | 35.3% | Yes | |
| Michigan | 67.4 | 31 | 21.7% | 68.2% | ||
| Nevada | 72.0 | 3 | 26.5% | 200.0% | Yes | |
| New Hampshire | 78.2 | 4 | 15.8% | Yes | ||
| New Jersey | 47.2 | 10 | 25.3% | 128.6% | Yes | Yes |
| New Mexico | 101.7 | 1 | 51.7% | 80.0% | ||
| North Dakota | 67.0 | 6 | 14.9% | 0.0% | ||
| Ohio | 77.2 | 27 | 20.8% | Yes | ||
| Vermont | 67.0 | 3 | 17.6% | 0.0% | Yes | |
| State Average | 70.4 | 217/665 | 22.5% | 59.1% | 9/16 | 7/16 |
| Expanded Medicaid/ Democrat or Independent Governor | ||||||
| Alaska | 95.8 | 2 | 26.2% | Yes | ||
| California | 46.6 | 54 | 28.8% | 111.0% | Yes | |
| Colorado | 74.1 | 17 | 22.2% | 137.5% | Yes | |
| Connecticut | 59.2 | 10 | 25.1% | Yes | Yes | |
| Delaware | 68.3 | 2 | 42.9% | Yes | ||
| District of Columbia | 65.2 | 3 | 32.4% | |||
| Hawaii | 50.2 | 2 | 23.6% | 25.0% | ||
| Louisiana | 84.0 | 6 | 22.0% | 0.0% | Yes | |
| Minnesota | 59.4 | 12 | 25.1% | 0.0% | Yes | Yes |
| Montana | 90.7 | 5 | 21.0% | 100.0% | ||
| New York | 42.8 | 43 | 30.6% | 10.4% | Yes | |
| Oregon | 67.6 | 10 | 23.7% | 150.0% | ||
| Pennsylvania | 72.5 | 31 | 18.6% | -4.1% | Yes | Yes |
| Rhode Island | 68.2 | 1 | 25.2% | 150.0% | ||
| Washington | 62.2 | 14 | 23.7% | 90.9% | ||
| West Virginia | 104.5 | 6 | 30.4% | 50.0% | Yes | |
| State Average | 69.5 | 218/665 | 26.3% | 68.4% | 7/16 | 6/16 |
| Did Not Expand Medicaid/ Republican Governor | ||||||
| Alabama | 78.6 | 12 | 13.2% | Yes | ||
| Florida | 66.9 | 26 | 23.1% | 7.5% | Yes | Yes |
| Georgia | 63.9 | 11 | 28.9% | -7.7% | Yes | |
| Idaho | 71.3 | 5 | 17.5% | Yes | ||
| Kansas | 69.1 | 6 | 16.4% | 33.3% | Yes | |
| Maine | 73.2 | 10 | 16.2% | -50.0% | Yes | |
| Mississippi | 86.7 | 13 | 26.4% | Yes | Yes | |
| Missouri | 78.9 | 21 | 20.4% | -5.9% | Yes | |
| Nebraska | 55.0 | 8 | 15.4% | 0.0% | Yes | |
| Oklahoma | 91.0 | 5 | 20.5% | -11.1% | Yes | |
| South Carolina | 79.0 | 7 | 18.6% | -25.0% | Yes | Yes |
| South Dakota | 76.6 | 5 | 18.8% | 0.0% | Yes | |
| Tennessee | 81.1 | 9 | 23.5% | 0.0% | ||
| Texas | 56.5 | 38 | 18.5% | 8.0% | ||
| Utah | 74.9 | 6 | 21.6% | 0.0% | Yes | Yes |
| Wisconsin | 69.3 | 15 | 13.5% | 36.4% | Yes | |
| Wyoming | 98.3 | 8 | 11.7% | 0.0% | Yes | |
| State Average | 74.7 | 205/665 | 19.1% | -1.0% | 9/17 | 10/17 |
| Did Not Expand Medicaid/ Democrat Governor | ||||||
| North Carolina | 68.2 | 11 | 22.3% | -11.1% | ||
| Virginia | 57.7 | 14 | 18.0% | 0.0% | Yes | |
| State Average | 63.0 | 25/665 | 20.2% | -5.6% | 0/2 | 1/2 |
| Data table prepared by Kaiser Family Foundation. | ||||||
Sources
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Total Expenses and Percent Distribution for Selected Conditions by Source of Payment: United States, 2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component Data (Washington, DC: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality), https://meps.ahrq.gov/data_stats/tables_compendia_hh_interactive.jsp?_SERVICE=MEPSSocket0&_PROGRAM=MEPSPGM.TC.SAS&File=HCFY2014&Table=HCFY2014_CNDXP_D&_Debug=.
American College of Surgeons, National Trauma Data Bank 20016: Annual Report (Chicago, IL: American College of Surgeons, 2016), https://www.facs.org/~/media/files/quality%20programs/trauma/ntdb/ntdb%20annual%20report%202016.ashx.
Himmelstein, David, et al. “Medical Bankruptcy in the United States, 2007: Results of a National Study,” Clinical Research Study vol. 122, no. 8 (Aug. 2009): 741 – 746. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.04.2012
Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of hospital inpatient data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), State Inpatient Databases and quarterly 2012 and 2014 data. Data available at: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/faststats/landing.jsp
National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 10 Leading Causes of Death by Age Group, United States – 2015 (Washington, DC: National Vital Statistics System, National Center for Health Statistics, CDC). https://www.cdc.gov/injury/images/lc-charts/leading_causes_of_death_age_group_2015_1050w740h.gif
T. Ng, C. Harrington, M. Musumeci, and P. Ubri, Medicaid Home and Community-Based Services Programs: 2013 Data Update, Kaiser Family Foundation (October 2016), http://www.kff.org/medicaid/report/medicaid-home-and-community-based-services-programs-2013-data-update/
M. O’Malley Watts, M. Musumeci and P. Ubri, Medicaid Section 1115 Managed Long-Term Services and Supports Waivers: A Survey of Enrollment, Spending, and Program Policies, Kaiser Family Foundation (January 2017) http://www.kff.org/medicaid/report/medicaid-section-1115-managed-long-term-services-and-supports-waivers-a-survey-of-enrollment-spending-and-program-policies/
Weir, Sharada, et al. “One-year treatment costs of trauma care in the USA,” Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research vol. 10, no. 2 (2010): p. 187+, http://dx.doi.org.pitt.idm.oclc,org/10.1586/erp.10.8
2015 AHA Annual Survey, Copyright 2016 by Health Forum, LLC, an affiliate of the American Hospital Association. Special data request, 2016. Available at http://www.ahaonlinestore.com