In this Open Society Foundations (OSF) blog post, Daniel Wolfe, director of the International Harm Reduction Development Program at OSF, examines “the ways that power structures, rather than individuals, contribute to disease rebound and spread,” citing a recent study by MJ Milloy and colleagues, published in the journal JAIDS, “which shows the link between incarceration and the failure of HIV treatment.” Wolfe writes, “Milloy’s analysis showed that incarceration kick-started viral replication among patients who had previously had their HIV under control. The findings make the study one of a number of must-reads on how prison practices not only impact the health of inmates but communities at large” (2/27).