What Could a Medicaid Per Capita Cap Mean for Low-Income People on Medicare?
| Table 1: Number of People on Medicare receiving assistance from Medicaid, by type of assistance and by state, 2014* | ||||||
| State | Total low-income people on Medicare who receive assistance from Medicaid | % of people with both Medicare and Medicaid receiving premium and cost-sharing assistance, and other Medicaid benefits | % of people with both Medicare and Medicaid receiving premium assistance only | % of people with both Medicare and Medicaid in Medicare Advantage plans | % of all Medicare enrollees who receive assistance from Medicaid | % of all Medicaid enrollees who are low-income people on Medicare (2011) |
| United States | 11,063,740 | 72% | 15% | 27% | 20% | 15% |
| Alabama | 222,740 | 42% | 27% | 23% | 22% | 20% |
| Alaska | 17,420 | 95% | 4% | NA | 21% | 11% |
| Arizona | 199,180 | 77% | 21% | 59% | 17% | 12% |
| Arkansas | 138,480 | 53% | 24% | 19% | 23% | 18% |
| California | 1,424,500 | 97% | 2% | 37% | 25% | 11% |
| Colorado | 112,220 | 70% | 13% | 26% | 14% | 10% |
| Connecticut | 181,120 | 47% | 7% | 12% | 28% | 20% |
| Delaware | 30,440 | 45% | 27% | 9% | 16% | 11% |
| D.C. | 32,580 | 70% | 0.2% | 8% | 36% | 10% |
| Florida | 819,220 | 49% | 22% | 34% | 20% | 18% |
| Georgia | 330,800 | 46% | 25% | 23% | 21% | 16% |
| Hawaii | 39,860 | 87% | 12% | 66% | 16% | 13% |
| Idaho | 45,980 | 62% | 19% | 18% | 16% | 15% |
| Illinois | 402,620 | 87% | 10% | 33% | 19% | 12% |
| Indiana | 205,580 | 71% | 6% | 10% | 17% | 14% |
| Iowa | 91,920 | 78% | 11% | 10% | 16% | 15% |
| Kansas | 71,540 | 61% | 18% | 9% | 14% | 17% |
| Kentucky | 198,640 | 56% | 19% | 9% | 22% | 20% |
| Louisiana | 218,100 | 56% | 22% | 20% | 27% | 16% |
| Maine | 96,480 | 58% | 15% | 7% | 31% | 28% |
| Maryland | 148,480 | 63% | 17% | 9% | 15% | 12% |
| Massachusetts | 320,920 | 92% | 8% | 27% | 26% | 17% |
| Michigan | 330,840 | 84% | 13% | 16% | 17% | 12% |
| Minnesota | 149,660 | 87% | 11% | 37% | 16% | 14% |
| Mississippi | 172,020 | 50% | 21% | 11% | 30% | 21% |
| Missouri | 199,400 | 78% | 14% | 20% | 17% | 16% |
| Montana | 27,420 | 60% | 20% | 7% | 13% | 15% |
| Nebraska | 45,340 | 88% | 11% | 11% | 14% | 16% |
| Nevada | 60,200 | 51% | 24% | 20% | 13% | 13% |
| New Hampshire | 35,120 | 64% | 17% | 4% | 13% | 20% |
| New Jersey | 229,660 | 87% | 13% | 21% | 15% | 20% |
| New Mexico | 86,000 | 61% | 12% | 21% | 23% | 12% |
| New York | 900,480 | 80% | 13% | 36% | 26% | 14% |
| North Carolina | 345,240 | 76% | 22% | 20% | 19% | 17% |
| North Dakota | 17,540 | 80% | 11% | 6% | 14% | 19% |
| Ohio | 376,040 | 64% | 16% | 23% | 17% | 15% |
| Oklahoma | 124,120 | 81% | 18% | 12% | 18% | 14% |
| Oregon | 128,180 | 63% | 19% | 39% | 17% | 15% |
| Pennsylvania | 469,580 | 81% | 17% | 40% | 18% | 18% |
| Rhode Island | 43,360 | 83% | 13% | 23% | 21% | 19% |
| South Carolina | 164,720 | 83% | 17% | 35% | 17% | 17% |
| South Dakota | 22,880 | 61% | 18% | 6% | 14% | 16% |
| Tennessee | 285,100 | 54% | 22% | 32% | 22% | 18% |
| Texas | 740,940 | 56% | 19% | 26% | 20% | 13% |
| Utah | 39,620 | 83% | 15% | 37% | 11% | 9% |
| Vermont | 30,880 | 72% | 20% | 3% | 23% | 15% |
| Virginia | 204,900 | 65% | 19% | 32% | 15% | 18% |
| Washington | 200,040 | 70% | 14% | 23% | 17% | 13% |
| West Virginia | 93,240 | 58% | 19% | 10% | 21% | 20% |
| Wisconsin | 180,020 | 86% | 8% | 23% | 17% | 13% |
| Wyoming | 12,380 | 62% | 16% | 2% | 12% | 13% |
|
NOTES: *All data are from 2014 unless otherwise noted.
SOURCE: Data from Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of Chronic Conditions Warehouse 2014, except the share of Medicaid enrollees who are low-income people on Medicare, which used Kaiser Family Foundation’s State Health Facts 2011 data. |
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| Table 2: Demographic Characteristics of People on Medicare Who Receive Assistance from Medicaid Compared to Others on Medicare, 2014 |
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| Demographic | People on Medicare who receive assistance from Medicaid | Other people on Medicare | ||
| All | Under age 65 | Ages 65 and older | ||
| Number of people | 11,063,740 | 4,602,960 | 6,460,780 | 44,618,240 |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 60% | 52% | 66% | 53% |
| Male | 40% | 48% | 34% | 47% |
| Age | ||||
| Under age 65 | 42% | 100% | N/A | 10% |
| 65-74 | 28% | N/A | 48% | 52% |
| 75-84 | 19% | N/A | 32% | 26% |
| 85 and older | 12% | N/A | 20% | 12% |
| Race | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 56% | 60% | 54% | 80% |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 18% | 21% | 16% | 7% |
| Hispanic | 17% | 13% | 19% | 8% |
| Asian | 5% | 2% | 7% | 2% |
| Other | 4% | 5% | 4% | 3% |
| SOURCE: Kaiser Family Foundation analysis of the Chronic Conditions Data Warehouse 5 percent sample of Medicare claims for 2014 (number of people, gender, and age) and Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Cost and Use Files for 2012 (race) | ||||
| Table 3. Distribution of Medicaid Spending for People Enrolled in Both Medicare and Medicaid, FY2011 | |||||||||||
| Share of Beneficiaries by Medicaid Spending Level | |||||||||||
| State | Enrollment | Total Medicaid Spending on Services | Average Medicaid Spending per Enrollee | Median Medicaid Spending per Enrollee | <$2,500 | $2,500- $4,999 |
$5,000- $9,999 |
$10,000- $14,999 |
$15,00- $19,999 |
$20,000- $39,999 |
≥$40,000 |
| United States | 7,441,812 | $129,845,614,977 | $17,540 | $3,939 | 43.7% | 9.8% | 9.6% | 6.4% | 4.6% | 10.8% | 15.1% |
| Alabama | 96,882 | $1,327,632,854 | $13,704 | $1,085 | 60.0% | 5.4% | 4.8% | 4.1% | 3.1% | 6.4% | 16.3% |
| Alaska | 14,612 | $335,901,051 | $22,988 | $3,909 | 41.8% | 12.4% | 9.6% | 4.8% | 3.1% | 8.8% | 19.4% |
| Arizona | 114,960 | $1,763,307,549 | $15,338 | $4,027 | 8.4% | 56.4% | 9.6% | 2.5% | 1.0% | 2.6% | 19.5% |
| Arkansas | 70,122 | $1,307,331,572 | $18,644 | $6,721 | 36.6% | 9.6% | 9.3% | 7.0% | 5.4% | 13.6% | 18.5% |
| California | 1,259,402 | $16,377,204,527 | $13,004 | $4,380 | 44.9% | 6.4% | 13.4% | 10.4% | 7.1% | 9.5% | 8.3% |
| Colorado | 69,375 | $1,366,499,536 | $19,697 | $6,252 | 32.4% | 14.8% | 10.2% | 6.5% | 5.4% | 10.4% | 20.3% |
| Connecticut | 83,209 | $2,604,800,385 | $31,304 | $9,173 | 36.2% | 7.4% | 7.4% | 5.2% | 4.4% | 11.5% | 28.0% |
| Delaware | 12,243 | $321,790,743 | $26,284 | $7,127 | 38.1% | 7.1% | 9.1% | 6.1% | 5.4% | 8.3% | 25.8% |
| D.C. | 16,228 | $476,914,052 | $29,388 | $6,193 | 39.4% | 8.3% | 7.1% | 3.6% | 2.9% | 12.0% | 26.7% |
| Florida | 368,833 | $5,703,485,693 | $15,464 | $1,743 | 55.0% | 6.5% | 6.3% | 4.9% | 4.1% | 8.3% | 14.9% |
| Georgia | 155,676 | $1,876,320,906 | $12,053 | $1,472 | 55.0% | 5.6% | 6.9% | 5.9% | 4.3% | 10.5% | 11.9% |
| Hawaii | 32,171 | $546,560,924 | $16,989 | $10,025 | 4.5% | 4.4% | 40.2% | 12.2% | 18.5% | 7.0% | 13.1% |
| Idaho | 27,158 | $449,944,335 | $16,568 | $5,585 | 40.8% | 7.8% | 9.8% | 8.1% | 7.2% | 14.9% | 11.4% |
| Illinois | 324,386 | $3,561,834,000 | $10,980 | $1,491 | 55.0% | 6.2% | 7.2% | 6.0% | 5.2% | 14.4% | 6.2% |
| Indiana | 106,651 | $2,326,994,222 | $21,819 | $7,220 | 40.5% | 5.9% | 7.3% | 5.3% | 3.8% | 13.5% | 23.7% |
| Iowa | 71,106 | $1,379,394,968 | $19,399 | $7,899 | 30.1% | 12.5% | 11.5% | 8.7% | 6.6% | 14.2% | 16.4% |
| Kansas | 48,383 | $1,012,326,827 | $20,923 | $12,177 | 28.8% | 9.4% | 8.6% | 7.2% | 6.8% | 20.8% | 18.3% |
| Kentucky | 112,394 | $1,550,460,641 | $13,795 | $2,231 | 58.1% | 7.5% | 6.7% | 4.0% | 2.8% | 6.9% | 14.1% |
| Louisiana | 113,030 | $1,652,547,395 | $14,620 | $1,914 | 52.7% | 5.1% | 5.2% | 4.9% | 5.1% | 13.8% | 13.3% |
| Maine | 56,217 | $1,001,899,470 | $17,822 | $1,402 | 58.7% | 7.6% | 5.9% | 3.1% | 2.2% | 6.3% | 16.2% |
| Maryland | 79,917 | $1,939,152,798 | $24,265 | $6,403 | 39.9% | 7.6% | 7.1% | 5.9% | 4.6% | 10.0% | 24.9% |
| Massachusetts | 233,411 | $5,118,787,400 | $21,930 | $2,634 | 47.9% | 9.8% | 6.0% | 3.5% | 3.6% | 8.3% | 21.0% |
| Michigan | 248,567 | $3,420,625,070 | $13,761 | $5,393 | 27.8% | 18.8% | 26.2% | 8.1% | 3.0% | 4.6% | 11.6% |
| Minnesota | 134,578 | $3,217,504,196 | $23,908 | $13,632 | 23.6% | 6.5% | 13.1% | 8.6% | 5.0% | 23.4% | 19.9% |
| Mississippi | 84,255 | $1,298,322,955 | $15,409 | $3,355 | 45.4% | 10.7% | 9.5% | 5.9% | 4.2% | 8.8% | 15.5% |
| Missouri | 163,567 | $2,467,614,937 | $15,086 | $4,329 | 43.3% | 8.5% | 10.2% | 7.1% | 5.4% | 12.9% | 12.6% |
| Montana | 16,312 | $361,030,574 | $22,133 | $5,528 | 39.6% | 9.3% | 7.7% | 5.0% | 3.7% | 11.4% | 23.3% |
| Nebraska | 44,223 | $615,812,643 | $13,925 | $3,117 | 46.7% | 10.2% | 8.5% | 5.3% | 5.2% | 12.3% | 11.8% |
| Nevada | 24,248 | $309,812,196 | $12,777 | $2,046 | 52.3% | 6.9% | 8.2% | 6.5% | 5.9% | 8.7% | 11.4% |
| New Hampshire | 22,654 | $550,487,678 | $24,300 | $10,227 | 33.5% | 6.7% | 9.4% | 6.4% | 4.9% | 14.7% | 24.3% |
| New Jersey | 180,825 | $3,962,973,189 | $21,916 | $4,300 | 38.5% | 12.8% | 6.8% | 5.8% | 4.5% | 12.5% | 19.1% |
| New Mexico | 39,079 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| New York | 720,924 | $21,460,518,904 | $29,768 | $3,844 | 44.9% | 7.9% | 6.7% | 4.0% | 2.8% | 8.2% | 25.6% |
| North Carolina | 259,485 | $2,898,319,164 | $11,170 | $2,872 | 47.7% | 10.7% | 13.4% | 7.1% | 3.4% | 9.2% | 8.4% |
| North Dakota | 12,881 | $389,087,187 | $30,206 | $12,572 | 33.3% | 6.6% | 7.0% | 5.7% | 4.5% | 10.9% | 32.0% |
| Ohio | 237,235 | $5,792,329,344 | $24,416 | $11,391 | 31.3% | 7.7% | 8.8% | 7.9% | 5.9% | 14.1% | 24.3% |
| Oklahoma | 98,462 | $1,166,731,644 | $11,850 | $3,210 | 46.0% | 10.6% | 10.5% | 7.9% | 5.4% | 12.6% | 7.1% |
| Oregon | 68,240 | $1,368,580,769 | $20,055 | $4,984 | 26.9% | 23.1% | 8.7% | 6.2% | 5.2% | 15.6% | 14.3% |
| Pennsylvania | 366,634 | $6,744,434,911 | $18,396 | $1,904 | 55.9% | 7.9% | 4.6% | 3.7% | 2.8% | 7.4% | 17.8% |
| Rhode Island | 35,145 | $717,216,288 | $20,407 | $3,080 | 48.1% | 6.2% | 6.9% | 4.7% | 3.8% | 15.8% | 14.5% |
| South Carolina | 137,451 | $1,457,955,047 | $10,607 | $1,238 | 62.3% | 8.3% | 6.4% | 3.9% | 3.0% | 6.1% | 10.0% |
| South Dakota | 13,923 | $228,508,207 | $16,412 | $9,190 | 30.6% | 10.4% | 10.5% | 8.1% | 6.0% | 24.5% | 9.9% |
| Tennessee | 155,658 | $2,197,033,243 | $14,114 | $3,038 | 41.2% | 23.9% | 5.8% | 4.0% | 2.7% | 14.2% | 8.2% |
| Texas | 396,649 | $6,104,576,387 | $15,390 | $6,183 | 30.7% | 16.0% | 10.7% | 6.9% | 5.9% | 19.9% | 10.0% |
| Utah | 28,586 | $428,057,561 | $14,974 | $6,386 | 26.2% | 10.7% | 35.5% | 4.8% | 3.1% | 6.5% | 13.3% |
| Vermont | 21,042 | $249,200,762 | $11,843 | $4,734 | 38.0% | 13.3% | 13.5% | 7.3% | 6.2% | 16.4% | 5.4% |
| Virginia | 127,154 | $2,062,459,965 | $16,220 | $1,926 | 52.9% | 6.9% | 6.2% | 4.5% | 3.5% | 11.0% | 15.1% |
| Washington | 132,239 | $1,932,007,998 | $14,610 | $3,123 | 48.2% | 5.5% | 7.6% | 7.1% | 5.8% | 14.8% | 11.0% |
| West Virginia | 51,358 | $902,321,881 | $17,569 | $1,360 | 55.1% | 4.7% | 5.6% | 4.1% | 4.0% | 9.4% | 17.1% |
| Wisconsin | 146,766 | $3,306,837,031 | $22,531 | $5,531 | 38.7% | 10.3% | 6.4% | 4.0% | 2.8% | 8.7% | 29.1% |
| Wyoming | 7,306 | $234,163,399 | $32,051 | $16,386 | 24.6% | 6.1% | 9.7% | 7.7% | 6.4% | 14.5% | 30.9% |
| NOTES: Spending amounts excludes premiums. Due to the unavailability of 2011 data, 2010 MSIS data were used for Florida, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Montana, New Mexico, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Texas, and Utah, and then adjusted to 2011 CMS-64 spending levels. Excludes spending for New Mexico due to data quality issues. SOURCE: KFF and Urban Institute estimates based on data from FY2011 MSIS and CMS-64 reports. |
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